9 Types of Waterproofing Methods

There are several types of basement waterproofing methods, each designed to address different types of water intrusion issues. Here is a list of the most common basement waterproofing methods:

  1. Exterior Waterproofing:

    • Excavation and Waterproof Coating: This method involves excavating the soil around the foundation walls to apply a waterproof coating or membrane. The coating creates a barrier that prevents water from penetrating the foundation walls.
    • French Drain System: A French drain is installed along the exterior perimeter of the foundation to collect and redirect water away from the basement. It consists of a perforated pipe surrounded by gravel, which allows water to flow into the drain and away from the foundation.
    • Box Type Waterproofing: Also known as exterior waterproofing barrier, this method involves creating a physical barrier, often using a combination of bentonite clay panels and drainage boards, to prevent water from reaching the foundation walls.

  2. Interior Waterproofing:

    • Interior Drainage System: An interior drainage system is installed inside the basement to collect water that enters the space. It includes a drainage channel with a sump pump that pumps collected water out of the basement to a designated drainage area.
    • Sump Pump Installation: A sump pump is a critical component of interior waterproofing. It is placed in a sump pit and automatically activates to remove water from the basement when the water level rises.
    • Basement Sealers: Interior wall and floor sealers or coatings are applied to the basement walls and floors to create a barrier that prevents water from seeping through.

  3. Crack Injection:

    • Crack injections are a common method used to repair and waterproof foundation cracks in basements. These cracks can occur due to various factors, including settling of the foundation, hydrostatic pressure, or shrinkage of the concrete.
    • Epoxy Injection: Epoxy is a strong and durable material used to fill and seal cracks in the foundation walls. During the injection process, epoxy resin is injected directly into the cracks, filling the void and creating a watertight seal. This prevents water from seeping through the cracks and causing further damage.
    • Polyurethane Injection: Polyurethane foam is another material used for crack injection. Polyurethane expands when it comes into contact with water, effectively filling the cracks and forming a flexible and watertight seal. It is particularly useful for sealing larger cracks and providing a more flexible moisture barrier against water intrusion.

  4. Crawl Space Encapsulation:

    • Crawlspace Waterproofing: Crawlspace encapsulation involves sealing the entire crawlspace with a vapor barrier, effectively creating a moisture-resistant barrier. This prevents moisture from rising into the living space above and helps control humidity levels.

  5. Interior Basement Drainage and Wall Panels:

      • Basement Drainage Mats: These mats are installed against the interior basement walls to collect water and direct it to a drainage system.
      • Basement drainage mats are an interior waterproofing solution that helps manage water that enters the basement through foundation walls. These mats are typically made of durable, dimpled plastic or rubber materials.
      • Installation: Basement drainage mats are installed against the interior basement walls, creating a channel between the walls and the mat. When water seeps through the walls, it is collected in this channel and directed to a basement drainage system, which then removes the water from the basement.
      • Benefits: Basement drainage mats not only prevent water from pooling on the basement floor but also help protect the walls from water damage. They provide an efficient pathway for water to be directed away from the foundation walls and toward the drainage system.Wall Panels: Waterproof wall panels are installed over the interior basement walls to create a moisture-resistant barrier.

  6. Grading and Landscaping:

    • Proper grading and landscaping around the foundation are essential for preventing water from seeping into the basement. Improper grading can lead to water pooling near the foundation, increasing the risk of water infiltration.
    • Grading: Grading involves shaping the soil around the foundation to create a slope away from the house. This slope ensures that water flows away from the foundation and prevents water from accumulating near the basement walls.
    • Landscaping: Landscaping features, such as retaining walls, swales, and proper drainage systems, can also help manage water runoff and direct it away from the foundation. By incorporating these elements into the landscape design, you can further enhance basement waterproofing.

  • Coatings:

    • Concrete Waterproof Coatings: Waterproof coatings are applied directly to the concrete surfaces to create a protective barrier against water intrusion.

  • Box Type Waterproofing:

    • Box type waterproofing is an interior waterproofing barrier that utilizes bentonite clay panels and drainage boards to prevent water infiltration through the basement walls.
    • Bentonite Clay Panels: Bentonite clay is a naturally occurring material with excellent waterproofing properties. Bentonite clay panels are installed directly against the basement walls. When exposed to water, the clay expands to form a watertight barrier, preventing water from seeping through the walls.
    • Drainage Boards: Drainage boards are installed over the bentonite clay panels. These boards allow any water that may penetrate the clay to be directed downward to the basement drainage system, ensuring efficient water management.

Each waterproofing method addresses different sources of water intrusion and may be more suitable for specific basement conditions. Consult with a professional basement waterproofing contractor to determine the best combination of methods for your home based on its unique requirements and to ensure your basement remains dry and protected from water damage. Crack injections, basement drainage mats, grading and landscaping, and box type waterproofing are valuable methods in basement waterproofing. Depending on the specific water intrusion issues and the condition of your basement, a combination of these techniques may be recommended to create a comprehensive and effective waterproofing solution. To ensure the best results and prevent further water damage, consult with a professional basement waterproofing contractor like Freedom Crawlspace Services to assess your basement’s needs and implement the most suitable waterproofing strategies.